In "East of Eden," John Steinbeck explores the theme of self-punishment through the character's act of whipping himself. This action symbolizes his internal struggle with guilt and the desire to maintain control over his own suffering. By inflicting pain on himself, he believes he can shield himself from the judgment or punishment that might come from external sources.
This complex dynamic illustrates how individuals may engage in self-destructive behaviors as a way to cope with their inner turmoil. The character's approach reflects a deep psychological need for autonomy in the face of external pressures, suggesting that self-inflicted pain serves as a means of personal protection. This concept raises questions about the lengths to which people go to avoid external judgment and the ways they manage their moral failures.