This quote highlights the profound truth that the true measure of a society's advancement lies in how it treats its most vulnerable or oppressed members. When examining the fabric of any civilization, societal inequalities often reveal the underlying values and priorities. Historically and even currently, disparities in wealth, rights, and opportunities serve as indicators of social health. If one wishes to assess the moral and ethical standing of a society, observing the conditions of those who have less—especially in relation to those who hold power over them—provides a stark, unambiguous reflection.

The half of society under the control or influence of another often embodies the neglected or marginalized segments—be it the impoverished, the oppressed, or the disenfranchised. Their conditions can expose systemic injustices, prejudices, and the absence of truly equitable social structures. Societies that are genuinely just tend to elevate and empower these groups, ensuring fair treatment, opportunities for advancement, and acknowledgment of their inherent dignity.

Conversely, when these groups endure hardship, exploitation, or neglect, it signals a failure in societal morals and governance. It suggests that the civilization has yet to attain genuine progress, as superficial advancements like technological innovations or material wealth remain hollow if basic human rights are disregarded. Hence, the quote reminds us that progress must be measured with compassion and justice, reflecting the welfare of all segments within society, especially those most vulnerable. Ultimately, social equity is the mirror in which the true civility and development of a society are revealed.

---Harriet Martineau---