In her memoir, "Reading Lolita in Tehran," Azar Nafisi emphasizes the transformative power of literature, suggesting that it enables readers to empathize with others by exploring their complexities. Through engaging with various literary works, one gains insights into the different facets of human experience, which fosters compassion and understanding towards others. This holistic view of individuals allows readers to appreciate their contradictions rather than viewing them through a singular lens.

Nafisi argues that without literature, people often only see one side of an individual, leading to a more ruthless and simplistic judgment. She believes that this deeper understanding gained through reading can prevent one from committing acts of violence against others by recognizing their multifaceted nature. Literary engagement, therefore, becomes a vital tool for cultivating empathy and reducing hostility in society.