In "Lost in the Cosmos: The Last Self-Help Book," Walker Percy explores the idea that consciousness arises when a sign-user is introduced to a system of signs by a sign-giver. This initiation marks a crucial moment where an individual becomes aware of symbolic communication and how it shapes understanding and perception of the world. The process highlights a relational dynamic between the one who gives signs and the one who interprets them, suggesting that consciousness is deeply intertwined with language and communication.

This perspective implies that our awareness and understanding of reality are not solely personal but are significantly influenced by external interactions. As individuals engage with signs—whether spoken, written, or symbolic—they begin to form a consciousness that connects them to others and to the broader context of existence. Percy's work prompts readers to consider how much of their identity and awareness is derived from these interactions and the cultural signs that permeate their lives.