Pogroms, a term meaning 'after thunder' in Russia, have historically plagued Western and Central Europe, particularly since medieval times. These violent riots against Jewish communities were not a new phenomenon but part of a long-standing pattern of persecution and unrest experienced by minorities throughout European history.

Niall Ferguson, in his work "The Abyss," highlights the repetitive nature of such upheavals, illustrating how they reflect broader societal tensions and conflicts. The legacy of pogroms showcases the deep-seated animosities that can erupt during times of crisis, shaping the historical and cultural landscape of Europe.