Author: William E. Leuchtenburg
Quotes of Author: William E. Leuchtenburg
At the same time that he was devising a response to the Afghanistan incursion, Carter had to confront a much more acute crisis in Iran, where he had brought the greatest disaster of his presidency down upon himself. In November 1977, he welcomed the shah of Iran to the White House, and on New Year's Eve in Tehran, raising his glass, he toasted the ruler. Though the shah was sustained in power by a vicious secret police force, Carter praised him as a champion of "the cause of human rights" who had earned "the admiration and love" of the Iranian people. Little more than a year later, his subjects, no longer willing to be governed by a monarch imposed on them by the CIA, drove the shah into exile. Critically ill, he sought medical treatment in the United States. Secretary of State Cyrus Vance warned that admitting him could have repercussions in Iran, and Carter hesitated. But under pressure from David Rockefeller, Henry Kissinger, and the head of the National Security Council, Zbigniew Brzezinski, he caved in. Shortly after the deposed shah entered the Mayo Clinic, three thousand Islamic militants stormed the US embassy compound in Tehran and seized more than fifty diplomats and soldiers. They paraded blindfolded US Marine guards, hands tied behind their backs, through the streets of Tehran while mobs chanted, "Death to Carter, Death to the Shah," as they spat upon the American flag and burned effigies of the president-scenes recorded on camera that Americans found painful to witness. book-quoteWitnesses to his whoppers realized that Reagan was not lying but had persuaded himself of the validity of his tales. "He finds it next to impossible to say anything that is not in some crucial way untrue," wrote the journalist Jack Beatty. "It's not a credibility gap, for there is no evidence of cynical or even conscious duplicity. The President is so far out of touch that it amounts to a reality gap." Still, listeners were often dumbfounded. His daughter Patti said, "He has the ability to make statements that are so far outside the parameters of logic that they leave you speechless." John Sloan, author of The Reagan Effect, has written: "In Reagan's mind, unpleasant facts could be avoided; contradictions could be denied; anecdotes could overcome facts; movie illusions could substitute for history; unpleasant realities could be blamed on a hostile press." His fictions mattered little, though, for after a generation of assassination and scoundrelry the media decided-consciously or unconsciously-to feature his presidency as a success story and to brush aside inconvenient particulars. "Ronald Reagan," observed the political scientist James David Barber, "is the first modern President whose contempt for the facts is treated as a charming idiosyncrasy." In London, a writer in the Observer commented: "His errors glide past unchallenged. At one point … he alleged that almost half the population gets a free meal from the government each day. No one told him he was crazy. The general message of the American press is that, yes, while it is perfectly true that the emperor has no clothes, nudity is actually very acceptable this year. book-quote
