Margaret Thatcher, often referred to as the "Iron Lady," served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990. She was the first woman to hold this position and became a central figure in British and global politics. Thatcher was known for her strong conservative policies, which emphasized free market principles, deregulation, and reducing the power of trade unions. Her leadership was marked by a firm stance against the Soviet Union and a commitment to strengthening the UK's economy. During her time in office, Thatcher implemented several significant reforms, including tax cuts, privatization of state-owned industries, and a reduction of government spending. These policies sparked both support and controversy, as they were credited with revitalizing the British economy but also criticized for leading to increased social inequality. Her tenure witnessed a shift in the political landscape, with the Conservative Party becoming the dominant force in British politics. Thatcher's legacy is complex; while she is celebrated for her role in transforming the British economy and her contribution to the Cold War's end, she also faced considerable backlash for her social policies and the impact of her economic strategies on various communities. Her influence continues to be felt in contemporary politics, making her one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. Margaret Thatcher was born on October 13, 1925, in Grantham, England, and was educated at Somerville College, Oxford. She initially trained as a scientist before entering politics, where she quickly rose through the ranks of the Conservative Party. Thatcher's strong convictions and persuasive rhetoric won her the respect and loyalty of many supporters, yet also made her a polarizing figure. Even after leaving office, she remained active in public life, offering her insights on global politics and economics. Throughout her career, Thatcher's focus on individualism and personal responsibility garnered her both admiration and criticism, shaping the modern conservative movement in the UK and inspiring leaders worldwide.