The book "Anopheles Gambiae in Brazil, 1930 to 1940" explores the historical presence and impact of the Anopheles gambiae mosquito in Brazil during a crucial decade. It delves into the ecological and health implications brought on by this species, known to be a primary vector for malaria. The author examines the environmental conditions that allowed these mosquitoes to thrive and expand, posing a significant risk to public health. Additionally, the book discusses the measures taken by Brazilian authorities in response to the increased malaria cases attributed to Anopheles gambiae. It highlights the public health campaigns and research initiatives that aimed to control mosquito populations and reduce transmission rates. The socio-economic factors influencing these efforts are also analyzed, providing a comprehensive view of the challenges faced during this period. Moreover, the interactions between local communities and the state regarding malaria control strategies are presented. The book emphasizes the role of collaboration among scientists, health officials, and residents in addressing the malaria epidemic. By documenting this historical case, the author contributes valuable insights into the ongoing fight against mosquito-borne diseases and the importance of understanding past public health responses.