"The Lower Depths" is a play by the Russian author Maxim Gorky, first published in 1902. It is set in a basement lodging house where a group of marginalized individuals from society struggles with their harsh realities. The characters include a range of society's outcasts, such as the homeless, a thief, and a former nobleman, each representing different facets of the human condition and the impact of poverty. Through their interactions, Gorky explores their dreams, despair, and the search for meaning in a bleak existence.
The play delves into themes of existentialism and the human spirit's resilience. The characters communicate their hopes and sufferings, revealing a deep longing for connection and the desire to rise above their circumstances. They confront various philosophies about life and existence, often debating what it means to truly live and whether one can escape their social status. Gorky presents a vivid portrayal of life at the margins of society, emphasizing the struggles faced by those often overlooked.