The protagonist in Naguib Mahfouz's book "Ibn Fatuma's Journey" reflects on the teachings of his mentor, Sheikh Maghagha, particularly questioning the concept of rationality in the face of his own enduring imprisonment. The narrator struggles to find a logical foundation for his confinement, suggesting a deep sense of confusion and frustration surrounding his situation.

This conflict resonates throughout the narrative, highlighting the tension between the wisdom imparted by the sheikh and the harsh reality faced by the protagonist. The exploration of these themes underscores the complexities of understanding freedom and rational thought within the confines of a life marked by restriction.