In "Civilization in Transition," C.G. Jung explores the profound challenge that Zarathustra faces in confronting the most unattractive and genuine aspect of humanity, which is represented by the "most ugly man." This symbolizes the struggle to accept and integrate the darker side of human nature, as the fear and rejection of this aspect highlight the underlying allure of our baser instincts. Jung emphasizes that this fear indicates the immense pull that the inferior qualities have on individuals.

Moreover, Jung argues that merely separating oneself from these lower aspects of humanity is not an effective solution. Acknowledging and engaging with these themes is essential for personal and collective growth. The inability to accept the whole of our humanity, including its flaws, ultimately hinders progress and understanding in civilization. True integration requires recognizing and reconciling with these parts of ourselves rather than shunning them.