In the book "His Excellency: George Washington" by Joseph J. Ellis, the complexities of military leadership during the Revolutionary War are explored, particularly regarding strategy and decision-making. Ellis highlights the critical moments where General Washington faced significant challenges, often due to the unexpected cleverness of opposing commanders. These situations led to some disappointing outcomes for the American forces.

Adams, reflecting on these challenges, commented succinctly on the defeat, stating, "In general, our Generals were out generalled." This quote encapsulates the struggle and shortcomings of American leadership in battle, suggesting that while the American cause was just, the tactical superiority of the enemy at times overwhelmed the efforts of Washington and his generals.