In "The Great Divide: Unequal Societies and What We Can Do About Them," Joseph E. Stiglitz emphasizes that democracy is not solely defined by the occurrence of elections. He argues that in various nations, elections can serve as a facade for authoritarianism, where the true essence of democratic values is undermined. This manipulation results in significant portions of the population being stripped of their fundamental rights and freedoms.

Stiglitz's work highlights the importance of recognizing that genuine democracy goes beyond the electoral process. It requires active participation, transparency, and the protection of civil liberties to ensure that all citizens enjoy their rights. By understanding the deeper implications of democracy and inequality, we can work towards a more equitable society.