Einstein's groundbreaking theory introduced a law regarding the photoelectric effect, which could be confirmed through experimentation. This theory established that the energy of electrons released from a material is directly related to the frequency of the incident light. A simple mathematical expression, which incorporates Planck's constant, underpins this relationship.
Through this work, Einstein provided crucial insights into the interaction between light and matter. His findings not only advanced the field of quantum physics but also laid the foundation for further developments in understanding the nature of electromagnetic radiation.