In Jonathan Lethem's "Dissident Gardens," the author reflects on the influential role of Cicero in shaping the liberal perspective on equality. Cicero's achievements provided significant insights into how liberal thinkers adapted their views in response to the concept of equality. This historical figure serves as a bridge between classical ideas and modern interpretations of social justice. By examining Cicero's contributions, Lethem highlights the complexity of the liberal movement's evolution. The adjustments made by liberals in the face of equality demonstrate both the challenges and transformations within political thought. Through this lens, the narrative explores the intersection of historical philosophy and contemporary societal issues, illustrating the enduring impact of classical ideas on modern discourse.