In "Princess Sultana's Daughters," author Jean Sasson highlights the grave issue of infant mortality in Saudi Arabia, which ranked among the highest globally. The lack of financial resources, adequate healthcare professionals, and hospital facilities severely impacted the health outcomes for infants, leading to widespread fatalities.

The book further delves into the traditional Saudi diet, which primarily consisted of dates, camel milk, and the meat of goats and camels. This limited diet reflects the cultural practices of the region and hints at the nutritional challenges that may have contributed to health issues among the population.