In Joseph Heller's novel "Catch-22," the protagonist, Yossarian, navigates a complex web of relationships and obligations. The phrase "You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours" highlights the theme of mutual support, but also the misunderstandings that arise in communication. Yossarian's interpretation shows his awareness of social contracts and the need for reciprocity in human interactions.

However, Doc Daneeka’s response, "That's not what I meant," underscores the absurdity and confusion often present in their world. This interaction illustrates the larger theme of miscommunication and the challenges faced by individuals seeking genuine connections amidst the chaos of war and bureaucracy.