More relevantly, the revelation that Frank is Frances and that she became he because of a homegrown science experiment connects us to the practice, widespread in the Culture, of voluntary sex change. The difference in circumstances-in the Culture, the change is always completely successful, entirely reversible, and bioengineered inside the individual from birth-lies at the heart of Banks' conviction that the ability to switch between genders at will is essential to the creation of a more just society-once one has lived as both man and woman, misogyny becomes substantially more difficult to embrace.
The transformation of Frank into Frances underscores a critical aspect of gender identity within the narrative, highlighting the freedom of choice regarding sex changes. This shift reveals a connection to the broader societal practice in the Culture, where voluntary sex changes are not only common but also entirely successful and reversible. This contrasts with traditional views and illustrates how advanced technology shapes personal identity.
Banks argues that the ability to switch genders plays a vital role in fostering a fairer society. Experiencing life as both a man and a woman allows individuals to challenge misogynistic attitudes and fosters deeper empathy. By promoting fluidity in gender identity, the Culture encourages a more inclusive perspective that could ultimately diminish prejudice and foster equality.
