In Henning Mankell's novel "One Step Behind," the story explores the themes of self-preservation versus the desire for revenge. The protagonist faces moral dilemmas where the instinct to survive outweighs the urge to seek vengeance. This inner conflict reflects a deep understanding of human nature and the complexities of personal motivations when faced with extreme situations.

The narrative emphasizes that while revenge can be a compelling drive, the necessity to protect oneself and ensure one's own safety is often a stronger force. Mankell's characters illustrate that in the quest for justice or settling scores, one must first consider the implications for their own well-being, highlighting a vital aspect of human psychology.