Senator Joseph McCarthy capitalized on the public's fear of communism during the Cold War to further his agenda, which included blacklisting and censorship. His actions reflected a broader trend of political repression that resonated with many Americans who were anxious about potential subversive influences in society. This support allowed him to exert significant influence during a time of heightened paranoia.

In "How Democracies Die," author Steven Levitsky examines how such figures can thrive in periods of national insecurity. McCarthy's tactics illustrate the dangers democracies face when fear is exploited for political gain, leading to infringements on civil liberties and academic freedom. The consequences of this era serve as a cautionary tale for contemporary democracy.