For four decades, research on lead's effects was predominantly sponsored by lead additive manufacturers, raising serious concerns about the integrity of these studies. One notable study, led by a doctor lacking expertise in chemical pathology, involved subjects consuming or inhaling significant amounts of lead over five years. However, the study's design omitted crucial tests of lead accumulation in bones and blood, focusing instead only on excreted waste, which misrepresented the actual danger of lead exposure.

This oversight led to misleading conclusions that downplayed lead's toxic effects. Since lead accumulates in the body rather than being eliminated, the study failed to provide an accurate assessment of its health risks. Such discrepancies highlight the importance of objective research and the need for rigorous scientific standards to ensure the safety of substances that can be harmful to human health.