In his exploration of authority, Francis Bacon identifies four main vices that commonly afflict those in power. These vices include delays, which reflect how bureaucratic processes can hinder timely action; corruption, where personal gain supersedes public duty; roughness, denoting a lack of compassion or fairness in decision-making; and facility, a term that suggests ease in corrupt conduct or manipulation of power without regard for ethics.

Bacon's insights highlight the challenges of governance and the behavior of leaders. Recognizing and addressing these vices is crucial for ensuring that authority is exercised responsibly and justly. By critiquing these flaws, Bacon encourages reflection on the moral responsibilities of those in positions of power, stressing the importance of integrity and fairness in public service.