In her book "Reading Lolita in Tehran," Azar Nafisi reflects on the contrasting mindsets of different cultures regarding their histories. She points out that people in ancient nations tend to focus on their past, often obsessing over historical events and cultural legacies. This preoccupation shapes their identities and perspectives, anchoring them to their history.

In contrast, Nafisi highlights the American mindset, which is characterized by a forward-looking optimism. Americans are described as nurturing a dream for the future, driven by a sense of potential and visions of what could be. This perspective fosters a sense of hope and innovation, creating a dynamic contrast to the nostalgia for history found in older civilizations.