In "American Pastoral," Philip Roth explores the complexities of human perception and interaction. He highlights how we often misjudge others before meeting them, during the actual encounter, and even when recounting the experience later. This cycle of misunderstanding reflects the nature of human relationships and our constant struggle to connect authentically with others.

Roth suggests that rather than fixating on being right or wrong about people, we should embrace the unpredictability of these interactions. Accepting the uncertainties of our perceptions and experiences may lead to a more fulfilling engagement with life and relationships. Ultimately, the acceptance of being wrong is a part of the human experience.