Alan Turing was a pioneering British mathematician, logician, and computer scientist whose contributions laid the groundwork for modern computing. Born in 1912, Turing is best known for his role in deciphering the codes used by the German military during World War II, particularly the Enigma machine. His work at Bletchley Park was crucial in shortening the war and saving countless lives. Turing's groundbreaking ideas, such as the concept of the Turing machine, provided a...