How does this work? Rodents produce pheromonal odors with individual signatures, derived from genes called the major histocompatibility complex {MHC}. This is a super variable gene cluster that produces unique proteins that form a signature for an individual. This was first studied by immunologists. What does the immune system do? It differentiates between you and invaders-"self" and "nonself"-and attacks the latter. All your cells carry your unique MHC-derived protein, and surveillance immune cells attack any cell lacking this protein password."
( Robert M. Sapolsky )
[ Behave: The Biology of Humans ]
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