The quote expresses a profound observation about the disparity between individuals in society. It highlights the hypocrisy in moral judgments where one person can commit an act, like stealing a horse, without consequence, while another faces repercussions for merely considering a similar act, symbolized by looking at a halter. This reflects on the arbitrary nature of societal rules and the injustices that arise from them.

By contrasting the outright theft of a horse with the vilification of someone who merely gazes at a halter, the quote critiques the inconsistencies in moral reasoning. It suggests that society often punishes the intentions or thoughts of some while allowing others freedom for far worse actions. This tension illustrates the complex moral landscape Conrad explores in "Heart of Darkness," emphasizing the darker aspects of humanity and civilization.