In this passage, Milan Kundera reflects on the concept of humanity as the 'master and proprietor of nature,' originally proposed by Descartes. He points out the irony that despite remarkable advancements in science and technology, humans are realizing their lack of true ownership over nature, history, and even their own selves. The idea is that as civilization progresses, it struggles with the increasing recognition of its limitations and fragility.

Kundera emphasizes a profound sense of loss and existential uncertainty, suggesting that with the absence of a divine authority or clear mastery, humanity finds itself adrift. The metaphor of the planet moving through the void signifies a world that lacks direction or control. This leads to a realization of the "unbearable lightness of being," highlighting the weightlessness and ambiguity of existence without clear purpose or mastery.