In "Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood," Marjane Satrapi explores her experiences growing up during the Islamic Revolution in Iran. She depicts the complexities of her childhood, marked by political upheaval, cultural conflict, and the impacts of war on everyday life. Through her narrative, Satrapi combines personal and collective history, illustrating the struggle for identity in a society undergoing radical change.

One significant theme in the book is the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, symbolized by the influence of oil. Satrapi suggests that as long as oil remains a valuable resource in the region, peace will be elusive. This reflection highlights the interconnectedness of geopolitics and local experiences, underscoring how external interests can perpetuate instability and suffering in the lives of ordinary people.