In "Josephine the Singer, or the Mouse Folk," Kafka explores the theme of alienation through Josephine's experiences as a performer. Despite receiving applause and enthusiasm from her audience, she feels that her art is not truly appreciated or understood. This disconnect highlights her sense of futility and disappointment, as she realizes that her vocal expression does not resonate on a deeper level with her listeners.

Josephine's resignation reflects a broader commentary on the nature of artistic expression and the challenges of communication. She acknowledges that her singing falls on deaf ears, suggesting a pervasive lack of genuine connection. This sentiment speaks to the frustrations many artists face when their work is celebrated superficially yet fails to evoke meaningful understanding or engagement, leaving them feeling isolated in their creative journeys.