The author Ian Buruma discusses the transformation of Christianity in Europe, where traditional churches are increasingly repurposed for tourism and entertainment, suggesting a decline in their religious significance. This shift indicates a potential rise in Islam as a prominent faith, as it attracts more followers and integrates into the European landscape.

In this context, Buruma references French scholar Olivier Roy, who argues that Islam has evolved to become a European religion. This implies not only a demographic change but also a cultural shift, as Islamic practices and communities become more embedded in European society.