The city of Alexandria played a pivotal role in ancient science and literature. It was here that remarkable advancements were made, including the first measurement of the Earth's circumference. The heliocentric model, which positioned the sun at the center of the solar system, was also developed in this vibrant city.

Additionally, Alexandria was instrumental in exploring the human body, leading to significant discoveries about the brain and pulse. The foundations of anatomy and physiology were laid down, and it produced definitive editions of the works of Homer, showcasing its importance in intellectual endeavors.