Japan's welfare system achieved remarkable success, leading to the longest life expectancy globally by the 1970s. This achievement is attributed to the robust healthcare and social services that supported the population's well-being.
However, this increase in life expectancy, coupled with a declining birth rate, has resulted in Japan having the oldest population in the world, with over 21 percent of its citizens aged 65 and older. This demographic shift presents unique challenges for society and the economy.