Almost 40% of people globally are excluded from the financial system, lacking even basic banking services like accounts or credit. This significant segment of the population faces challenges in managing their finances and accessing economic opportunities. The absence of financial inclusion limits their ability to save, invest, and secure loans, further entrenching poverty and inequality.

Niall Ferguson, in his book "The Ascent of Money: A Financial History of the World," highlights this critical issue of financial exclusion, emphasizing how substantial portions of society have been deprived of the essential tools to participate in the economy. This gap contributes to wider socioeconomic disparities and underscores the need for inclusive financial systems to support sustainable development and uplift marginalized communities.