In Barry Schwartz's work "Why We Work," he explores the distinction between theories about human nature as discoveries versus inventions. He leans toward the idea that these theories are more inventions, suggesting that they reflect our constructed beliefs rather than inherent truths. This perspective highlights how conceptualizations of motivation, such as those proposed by Adam Smith, have significantly influenced workplace dynamics.

Schwartz argues that these influential ideas have led to unfortunate developments in the nature of work. Instead of accepting the current state of work as unchangeable, he encourages us to critically assess whether the existing structures truly benefit us. He firmly believes that the way work is currently organized is not the ideal and challenges us to rethink the purpose and design of our working lives.