In Victor Hugo's "Les Miserables," he reflects on how the past often reemerges under new guises, presenting itself as the future. This highlights the cyclical nature of history, where old ideas and patterns resurface, cloaked in contemporary forms. The notion that the past attempts to disguise itself as progress emphasizes the enduring influence of history over society.

Hugo's work suggests a cautionary tale about the repetition of past mistakes, as the past can distort its own significance and misrepresent itself. This serves as a reminder that we must remain vigilant and aware, recognizing the lessons of history to avoid its pitfalls while striving for genuine advancement.