In "Les Miserables," Victor Hugo explores the idea that while cities may experience turmoil and rebellion, the struggles within an individual's soul are far more profound. He contrasts the visible chaos of a city with the deeper, often hidden internal battles that people face. The external conflicts may seem significant, but they pale in comparison to the complexities of human emotions and moral dilemmas.

Hugo suggests that individuals possess an inner depth that transcends the collective experiences of society. This perspective emphasizes that personal conflicts and inner turmoil can be more impactful than societal upheaval. The struggle for understanding and redemption within oneself is portrayed as a more significant journey than the political revolts that occur outside.