In the passage, Victor Hugo reflects on the enduring social issues that plague humanity, highlighting conditions that lead to suffering and injustice within society. He discusses how the laws and customs contribute to a "human hell," creating a cycle of despair tied to fate and divinity. While the age grapples with significant problems like the degradation of the proletariat, the oppression of women, and the suffering of children, these challenges remain unaddressed, leading to continued social and economic disparities.

Hugo argues that as long as ignorance and poverty exist, literature that sheds light on these issues remains essential. He emphasizes the importance of raising awareness about the struggles of marginalized groups, suggesting that such works not only reflect societal failures but also serve as a call to action. Through his plea, he underscores the value of books and ideas in confronting and challenging the status quo for a better future.