在进化论中，这被称为“红皇后现象”，”马尔科姆说。“因为在爱丽丝仙境中，红皇后告诉爱丽丝她必须尽可能快地奔跑才能留在自己的位置。这就是进化螺旋的方式。所有的生物都以愤怒的速度发展，只是为了保持相同的平衡。留在他们所在的地方。
(In evolutionary theory, this is called the Red Queen phenomenon," Malcolm said. "Because in Alice in Wonderland the Red Queen tells Alice she has to run as fast as she can just to stay where she is. That's the way evolutionary spirals seem. All the organisms are evolving at a furious pace just to stay in the same balance. To stay where they are.)