Tiberius was the second Roman Emperor, ruling from AD 14 to AD 37, following the reign of his stepfather, Augustus. Born on November 16, 42 BC, Tiberius was a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. He initially had a successful military career and expanded the empire's boundaries through various campaigns. His early reign was marked by a focus on stabilizing the empire and consolidating power, as he was not initially eager to become emperor.
As emperor, Tiberius’s rule became increasingly unpopular due to his reclusive lifestyle and the perceived cruelty of his administration. He spent much of his later years on the island of Capri, leaving the governing of Rome in the hands of others. His paranoia and suspicion of conspiracy led to numerous executions and treason trials, tarnishing his legacy as a ruler.
Despite his negative reputation, Tiberius also implemented important reforms and managed the empire’s finances effectively. His complex personality, marked by both competence and harshness, makes him a controversial figure in history. His death in AD 37 led to the ascension of Caligula, marking a significant shift in the Julio-Claudian dynasty.