In "Mountains Beyond Mountains," Tracy Kidder explores Dr. Paul Farmer's quest to improve global health, highlighting the profound unease that often exists among those who are better off. Farmer addresses the ambivalence felt by the privileged regarding their fortunate circumstances, particularly in contrast to the struggles faced by poorer communities. This inner conflict is a central theme, emphasizing how many people grapple with their advantages while witnessing others' hardships.

Kidder illustrates that Farmer strives to confront this discomfort head-on, seeking solutions to alleviate suffering rather than turning away from it. By living a life dedicated to humanitarian efforts, Farmer not only addresses the immediate needs of those in underserved areas but also challenges the conscience of those who may feel guilty about their advantages. This unique perspective on privilege and responsibility invites readers to reflect on their own positions in the world and the choices they make.