In ancient Greek society, especially in Athens, democracy was characterized by public assemblies where all significant decisions were deliberated collectively, resembling a constant town meeting. This approach to governance emphasized participation but often led to inefficiency, slow decision-making, and a tendency to adhere to traditional methods rather than embrace change.

David H. Maister, in his book "Managing The Professional Service Firm," highlights that modern professional service firms have come to recognize similar challenges in a democratic framework. The extensive deliberation required can hinder responsiveness and foster excessive caution, ultimately impairing organizational agility and innovation.