In Milan Kundera's "Testaments Betrayed," he reflects on the nature of human perception over time. He asserts that while individuals navigate through life shrouded in uncertainty, the past appears clear and comprehensible when viewed from the present. This contrast reveals how people often judge historical figures and events through a lens that lacks the ambiguity and confusion those individuals truly faced at the time.

Kundera emphasizes the fallacy in this perspective, as we readily recognize the mistakes of those who came before us while ignoring the challenges and complexities they dealt with. The metaphor of fog highlights the ongoing struggle to make sense of life in real-time, while hindsight offers an unearned clarity that can distort our understanding of history and undermine empathy for those who lived through it.