In Walter Isaacson's book "Steve Jobs," the author details how Apple's corporate culture differs from conventional business practices. Jobs famously believed that traditional strategies, often cited in management literature, do not resonate with the spirit of innovation and creativity fostered at Apple. This perspective challenges the notion that there are universal principles of management that apply to all organizations.
Levitt's assertion that certain management techniques are widely applicable stands in contrast to Jobs's conviction. At Apple, the focus is on challenging the status quo and encouraging a unique creative process rather than adhering to standardized methods. This fundamental difference underscores why Apple's approach to culture and creativity is distinctive and often does not align with established business norms.