The Great Depression significantly influenced American politics, particularly in Louisiana, where Governor and Senator Huey Long emerged as a powerful figure. Known as the Kingfish, Long became a controversial leader, promoting ambitious economic reforms aimed at helping the poor during a time of widespread hardship. His approach and style of governance garnered both fervent support and intense criticism, showcasing the tension in American political life during crises.

Historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. characterized Long as a demagogue, drawing parallels between him and authoritarian leaders from Latin America, such as Vargas and Perón. This comparison highlights Long's populist tactics and his ability to mobilize the masses, which were both a reflection of the tumultuous era and an indication of the shifting landscape of American democracy in response to economic distress.