In the book "How Democracies Die," Steven Levitsky discusses the concept of the "invisible primary," which refers to the behind-the-scenes processes and influences that shape political candidates before a formal election campaign begins. By 2016, however, these influential figures, or "gatekeepers," had become largely absent from the political landscape. This shift highlights a significant change in the political ecosystem, where traditional gatekeeping roles have diminished or disappeared.

Levitsky's observation suggests that the absence of these gatekeepers has contributed to the rise of candidates who may lack established political credentials or party support. This has implications for democracy, reflecting a move away from the conventional pathways to political legitimacy and the potential for unorthodox candidates to gain traction in the absence of traditional oversight.