In "How Democracies Die," Steven Levitsky argues that the concept of a successful multiethnic democracy without a dominant ethnic group remains unproven. He suggests that no society has managed to establish a political system where all ethnic communities contribute equally and enjoy equal rights without any one group overshadowing the others. This highlights the complexities and challenges involved in creating a truly inclusive democratic state.

The commentary reflects on the historical struggles of societies to achieve genuine political and social equality among diverse ethnicities. Levitsky emphasizes that while democracy aims for equal representation and empowerment of all citizens, the reality often plays out differently, with certain groups holding more power and privilege. He calls for a critical examination of how democracies can foster true inclusivity beyond mere representation.