John Gresham Machen was a prominent figure in early 20th-century American Christianity, known for his staunch defense of orthodox Christian beliefs against modernist interpretations. Born in 1881, Machen pursued a thorough education in theology and philosophy, eventually earning degrees from prestigious institutions. He became a professor at Princeton Theological Seminary, where he influenced many students and contributed significantly to Reformed theology. Machen's most notable work, "Christianity and Liberalism," argued that liberal Christianity fundamentally diverged from essential Christian doctrines. He insisted on the truth of Biblical teachings, emphasizing the importance of miraculous events and the nature of Jesus Christ, which he believed modernist theologians downplayed or rejected. This work positioned him as a leading voice for evangelical conservatism. In response to the growing liberalism in the church, Machen founded Westminster Theological Seminary in 1929 to train pastors in a confessional, orthodox approach. His efforts were pivotal in the establishment of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church, which aimed to uphold traditional Reformed faith against the encroachment of modernist ideas. Machen's legacy continues to influence evangelical thought and the movement toward Biblical conservatism today. John Gresham Machen was a key theologian in the early 20th century who opposed modernist interpretations of Christianity in favor of orthodox beliefs. He was born in 1881 and became a significant academic voice, especially during his tenure at Princeton Theological Seminary. His notable work, "Christianity and Liberalism," emphasizes the distinct differences between traditional Christianity and modernist theology. Machen argued that the essential doctrines of Christianity were being compromised by contemporary interpretations that rejected miracles and the divinity of Christ. In response to the growing liberalism, Machen established Westminster Theological Seminary and was instrumental in founding the Orthodox Presbyterian Church. His work greatly influenced evangelical conservatism, and his legacy remains relevant in contemporary discussions of faith and theology.