在沃尔克（Volcker）的讲话之前，债券一直是保守投资，当投资者不喜欢股票市场上的赌博时，投资者将其节省下来。在沃尔克（Volcker）的讲话之后，邦德（Bonds）成为投机的对象，一种创造财富而不是仅存储财富的手段。
(Before Volcker's speech, bonds had been conservative investments, into which investors put their savings when they didn't fancy a gamble in the stock market. After Volcker's speech, bonds became objects of speculation, a means of creating wealth rather than merely storing it.)